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Brain Injury Litigation & Recovery

Traumatic brain injuries change lives in an instant. Andrade Law fights to recover the full cost of medical care, long-term rehabilitation, lost income, and non-economic harm for brain injury victims across Ramsey County and the Twin Cities.

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Free Consultation: No fees unless we win your case. Past results do not guarantee future outcomes. This information is for educational purposes only.

Quick Summary

What You Need to Know

Brain injuries range from mild concussions to severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI) with lifelong consequences. Here are the key facts about brain injury claims in Minnesota:

Brain injuries often require lifelong medical care costing hundreds of thousands of dollars
Objective medical evidence — CT, MRI, and neuropsych testing — is critical to proving claims
Symptoms may not appear immediately — early medical evaluation protects your claim
Damages include medical costs, lost wages, future care, and cognitive/emotional harm
Minnesota's statute of limitations is generally 6 years — but acting early preserves evidence

Act quickly if:

You experienced a head impact and have headaches, confusion, or memory issues
An insurer is pressuring you to settle before full diagnosis
Medical records or accident scene evidence needs to be preserved
You have not yet received neurological evaluation after a head injury

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Understanding Brain Injuries

What Counts as a Brain Injury?

A brain injury is physical or functional trauma to the brain caused by external force, oxygen deprivation, or penetrating injury. The severity ranges from mild concussions — which may resolve within weeks — to severe traumatic brain injuries that cause permanent cognitive, physical, and emotional impairment.

Types of Brain Injuries

Concussion (mild TBI) — temporary disruption of brain function; may cause headaches, confusion, dizziness, and memory problems
Intracranial hemorrhage — bleeding within the skull that can create dangerous pressure on the brain
Diffuse axonal injury — widespread damage to the brain's white matter from rotational forces; often from vehicle crashes
Anoxic brain injury — caused by oxygen deprivation from near-drowning, cardiac arrest, or medical negligence
Penetrating brain injury — a foreign object enters the skull, causing localized damage

Important: Even a "mild" concussion can have lasting effects. Post-concussion syndrome can cause persistent headaches, cognitive difficulties, and emotional changes for months or longer. Never dismiss head injury symptoms — seek medical evaluation promptly.

Your Attorney

Gabe Andrade

Minnesota Personal Injury Attorney

Gabriel E. Andrade leads Andrade Law with a focus on accountability, careful case-building, and client-first communication. His approach is grounded in the reality that injuries disrupt everything—health, income, family life, and peace of mind—and the legal process should help, not add confusion.

If you’re navigating a serious injury, Gabe and the team can help you understand your options and what a fair path forward could look like.

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Common Causes

What Causes Brain Injuries in St. Paul?

Brain injuries result from a wide range of accidents and incidents. Andrade Law investigates causation and identifies all liable parties to build the strongest possible claim.

Motor Vehicle Collisions

The leading cause of TBI. See auto accident litigation and truck accident litigation.

Bicycle & Pedestrian Crashes

Cyclists and pedestrians are especially vulnerable. See bicycle accident litigation and pedestrian accident litigation.

Slip, Trip, and Fall Injuries

Falls on dangerous property are a major cause of TBI, especially in older adults. See premises liability.

Workplace Incidents

Construction falls, struck-by incidents, and industrial accidents. See workers' compensation litigation.

Brain injuries also arise from medical negligence, including dental malpractice involving anesthesia errors, and from violent acts including assault.

Your Next Steps

How Andrade Law Proves Brain Injury Claims

Secure medical documentation

Obtain emergency records, CT/MRI imaging, hospital discharge summaries, and initial neurological assessments. These objective records establish the existence and severity of the brain injury.

Neuropsychological testing

Arrange comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation to document cognitive deficits — memory loss, processing speed, attention problems, and executive function impairment that imaging alone may not capture.

Establish causation and liability

Link the brain injury to the accident through accident reconstruction experts, scene evidence, police reports, photos, and witness statements. Prove the defendant's negligence caused the harm.

Retain expert witnesses

Engage neurologists, neuropsychologists, life-care planners, and vocational rehabilitation experts to project lifetime costs and testify to the extent of impairment.

Calculate full damages and pursue recovery

Build a comprehensive damages model covering past and future medical costs, lost earnings, life-care needs, and non-economic harm. Negotiate aggressively or litigate to secure fair compensation.

Damages

What Compensation Can You Recover?

Brain injury claims often involve the highest damage calculations in personal injury law because the costs are lifelong and the impairments pervasive. Minnesota law allows recovery across all categories of harm.

Medical Expenses

Emergency care, brain surgery, ICU stays, rehabilitation, imaging, assistive devices, home health aides, and all future medical treatment necessitated by the injury.

Lost Income and Earning Capacity

Missed wages during recovery, permanent loss of earning capacity, vocational rehabilitation costs, and economic expert projections of lifetime earnings loss.

Long-Term Care and Life-Care Planning

In-home nursing, attendant care, day programs, home modifications (ramps, widened doorways), durable medical equipment, and ongoing therapy — all projected across the victim's expected lifespan.

Non-Economic Damages

Pain and suffering, cognitive losses, personality changes, loss of enjoyment of life, emotional distress, and relationship impacts. See pain and suffering litigation and emotional distress claims.

Wrongful Death

When a brain injury proves fatal, surviving family members may pursue a wrongful death claim for funeral expenses, loss of support, and loss of companionship.

Client Guidance

What to Do After a Suspected Brain Injury

Seek immediate medical care — even if symptoms seem mild. Request neurological evaluation and imaging.
Preserve all imaging and test results — CT scans, MRIs, and neuropsych test reports are critical evidence.
Document cognitive and functional changes — keep a daily journal noting memory issues, headaches, mood changes, and daily limitations.
Do not sign releases — never sign insurance releases or give recorded statements before consulting an attorney.
Contact Andrade Law promptly — early counsel preserves evidence, secures expert evaluation, and protects filing deadlines.

Insurance tactics: Insurers routinely undervalue brain injury claims by questioning the severity of symptoms or disputing causation. Andrade Law documents every deficit, resists lowball offers, and prepares for trial when insurers refuse fair value. See our insurance claim dispute page for strategies we use.

Common Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

What counts as a brain injury for legal purposes? +

Any physical or functional trauma to the brain caused by external force or oxygen deprivation. This includes concussions, contusions, intracranial hemorrhages, diffuse axonal injuries, and anoxic brain injuries. Even "mild" traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) can support significant legal claims when they cause lasting symptoms.

How does Andrade Law prove a brain injury claim? +

We build cases on objective medical evidence: CT/MRI imaging, neuropsychological testing, hospital records, and rehabilitation documentation. We then link the injury to the incident through expert testimony, accident reconstruction, and liability evidence. Life-care planners and economic experts project lifetime costs to establish the full damages picture.

When should I contact an attorney after a head injury? +

As soon as possible. Early legal counsel preserves critical evidence, ensures proper medical testing is conducted, and protects filing deadlines. Importantly, early action also prevents you from making statements or signing releases that could harm your claim. Brain injury symptoms may worsen over time, and having an attorney involved early ensures your case reflects the full extent of harm.

What if my symptoms appeared days or weeks after the accident? +

Delayed onset of symptoms is common with brain injuries, particularly concussions and subdural hematomas. Symptoms like headaches, memory problems, personality changes, and cognitive difficulties may develop gradually. Medical literature supports delayed symptom presentation, and Andrade Law uses expert testimony to connect delayed symptoms to the original injury event.

How much is a brain injury case worth? +

Brain injury cases vary widely based on severity, required care, lost earnings, and impact on quality of life. Factors include the extent of cognitive impairment, need for lifelong care, loss of earning capacity, and insurance coverage available. No ethical attorney can promise a specific amount, but brain injury claims are typically among the highest-value personal injury cases due to the lifelong nature of the harm.

Related Services

Explore Related Practice Areas

Brain injuries frequently overlap with other areas of personal injury law. Andrade Law coordinates across practice areas to maximize recovery.

Reviewed by: Gabriel Andrade, Esq.

Last updated: March 24, 2026